I’ve had weird issues as well. With a Dell Thunderbolt dock, as well as a few more generic USBC docks. This morning, I had an inexpensive USBC Anker dock working, including pass through power delivery, powering two dock connected HDMI monitors. I unplugged the laptop to go to a meeting and when I came back, no power delivery nor display support. I switched the dock to the rear right USBC port on the Framework (instead of the rear left) and it started working. But at home where I also have a dock, I’ve also had general inconsistent support.
I have a rather large 34" 3440x1440 monitor at home. Worked through the docking station under Fedora 39, but not at all in Win 11, with Displaylink and all drivers/BIOS updated.