Okay I got some help on the Framework Discord. Turns out I had installed Fedora in “Safe Graphics” mode. I had done this because the resolution of the full graphics installer didn’t even allow the the WiFi network list to fit on the screen and the view wasn’t scrollable (I live in NYC so there’s a ton of networks around me).
As it turns, if you installed in safe graphic mode, then the installation is run with safe graphics as well.
So running cat /proc/cmdline gave me the following:
BOOT_IMAGE=(hd0,gpt2)/vmlinuz-5.19.6-200.fc36.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/fedora_fedora-root ro rd.lvm.lv=fedora_fedora/root rd.luks.uuid=luks-888782dc-9700-4a87-ae3c-791e1e7b0211 nomodeset rhgb quiet
As you can see, nomodeset is there. So I went and removed this from /etc/default/grub, ran grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/fedora/grub.cfg, rebooted, and everything worked!