Is it possible to have an expansion bay that takes in power from the charging cable and feeds it directly into the motherboard without having to cycle the batteries? (without having to go through bios every time to switch between battery power and external power) Hopefully such a setup would allow the laptop to be used as a desktop without constantly wearing the battery. I presume such a expansion bay should have a small battery (or large capacitor?) so that when the external power is cut, the mainboard can be powered long enough for it to switch to battery power?
The expansion bay is also attached to the battery.
Just set a charge limit and stop worrying about tiny charge and discharge operations.
Assuming the EC is well programmed that should not cycle the battery.
Power cannot be both flowing into and out of a battery simultaneously, which means it cannot be flowing through/cycling a battery just by powering the motherboard.
If you connect a charger and a load to a battery that is done charging then the behavior (by the very nature of the electronics) is that power will flow directly from the charger to the load, bypassing the battery in the process.
Some laptops have had bad battery charging behavior where when the battery is full/stops charging the laptop disconnects the charger, which causes it to switch to battery power until it drains 1% then restarts charging, which results in rapid oscillations between 99% and 100% charged causing cycles, however I have seen no evidence to suggest Framework Laptops behave in that way.