A lot of them need an actual atx psu for the 3.3V and5 5V rails so 12V only is a somewhat rare feature.
I use this for my “random pcie device” needs, it doesn’t have the best bandwidth or power delivery to the laptop but it can be powered from just 12v(or actually even less if the device can live with it) and is very compact
It has an input usb-c port that will try to negotiate 12v from a pd power supply but it’ll also go lower. Turns out most of my 10gbit nics work just fine with 5V on the 12V rail XD.
Stuff like the ut3g/ut4g/th3p4 have much better bandwidth but they do require a full atx power supply.
If you want USB4 use USB4 not Thunderbolt4. There are 2 Pure PCIE4 to USB4 Adapter. The ADT-Link UT3G and ADT-Link UT4G. Both feature the full 40GBPS Bandwith to the PCIE Slot but no Powerdelivery and no USB Devices on the “Dock”
Damn I must be stupid, but I needed an adapter like that to do PCIe to thunderbolt/USB-c to be able to access the PCIe bus… but I can’t find the taobao adapter you found hahaha