Some updates on my end.
AMD eGPU support on the Framework seems a bit iffy. I currently have a problem where the laptop won’t post with the eGPU connected.
Meanwhile on the Linux side… AMD eGPUs definitely work more seemlessly on Wayland than xOrg, though I was able to get both to work for the most part.
Wayland first. Recognizing the eGPU itself was plug-and-play on EndeavourOS (Gnome40, Linux 5.14). Though it defaulted to all displays being enabled. On my main setup I have two displays connected to the eGPU and the laptop display itself. On Windows this works pretty seemlessly. On Linux, however, if I don’t disable either the laptop screen or both of the displays on the eGPU, the whole desktop gets laggy. Afterwords, I tried install gnome-egpu to see if that would change anything, but it didn’t.
Meanwhile, on xOrg. A rough experience to say the least. When the setup works, it works great. Once again, I had similar problems when I had all displays enabled. This time, however, occasionally an external display would stop working randomly. To remedy this, I had to install egpu-switcher. Doing so allowed me to manually select which gpu I would prefer to use as my primary display. Internal Display → iGPU. External Display → eGPU. Unfortunately, this does remove any sort of hotplug support or easy switching between the two (restart required).
Speaking of hotplug support. It sometimes works on Wayland and only works on xOrg when only using the internal display with iGPU primary.