Waking up the Framework from sleep works just fine for me, just by pressing a key on my external keyboard, using Ubuntu 22.04.
Note that this probably does not work on TB3 dock, since a distinguishing new feature of TB4 is that it supports wakeup-from sleep (this is probably because TB3 tunnels USB2 traffic over TB, while with TB4 it just uses separate wires that can more easily stay active in sleep). I’ve tested this with the keyboard connected through my Caldigit TS4 TB4 dock, and the keyboard connected directly to a USB-A port.
Is there a USB hub or dock involved in your setup?