Have now also updated to 3.03 and the Dock compatibility seems to have improved greatly…
Now at least my Lenovo Thunderbolt 3 (40AC) works fine, and seems to also survive reboots under Linux (pop os 22.04 with kernel 6.5.6).
Hotplugging display-adapters seems to be working now also.
The asus simpro dock only enabled one of the two external screens, for whatever reason…
Haven’t tried the third dock I have. If the Lenovo dock remains stable, I can finally continue with setting up the laptop and switch to it as my primary machine.
Will have to install Windows again, but there everything was working even with the old firmware.