This is not the case with framework. If you damage a port on the expansion card, the main board is protected. You only replace the expansion card.
For hard use on the keyboard, I have let one of my young relatives bang quite hard on the keyboard for minutes at a time with no ill effects. It is probably possible to damage the key caps with longer term use. The keyboard itself is a project to replace (so many screws), but you can get a replacement input cover for a very easy repair at a higher cost.
As for drops: I have dropped my framework many times on wood and tile and it is still working and has minimal cosmetic damage. That said, I have to open it up and reseat the display cable behind the display sometimes (after a drop), which is a bit of a nuisance. I’ve seen some gnarly bends from drop damage on this forum, so frequent hard drops may lead you to replace the top or bottom cover