I am having a similar issue. I enrolled my fingerprint on Windows 11 and it was working, then I set up Xubuntu 21.20 to use my fingerprint, and it worked great. Then, when I switched back to Windows 11, I couldn’t use my fingerprint to log in anymore. I had to delete the biometric information on Windows and re-enroll to make it work. I then switched back to Xubuntu to see if it still worked there, and it didn’t. I haven’t tried to re-enroll in Xubuntu yet, but I suspect if I can it will break on Windows again.
I know dual booting is kind of cheating, but it would be awesome if there was a fix for this so I could use this feature in both OSes. If not, I guess I can just use it on Linux since I need to put verify my credentials way more often there.