Chances are, the encrypted storage on the scanner itself has become corrupted or disjointed from Windows…or a Windows update borked the Group Policy. When you register fingerprints in the OS, the cryptographic signatures are stored in the fingerprint device, itself. If anything happens to that “link,” the OS will no longer accept the keys, believing they’ve been compromised.
This is also why you can’t use the fingerprint scanner on more than one OS simultaneously in cases like dual-booting. One OS will always try to overwrite the other’s signatures when you try to register the fingerprints (or the scanner will refuse the overwrite with some devices/OSes)
Try removing the fingerprint setup in Windows and re-enroll to see if that gets you going again.
Also check out this thread where other Windows users have discussed their fingerprint woes:
Failing all of that, please submit a ticket to Framework Support via the proper channels. While their staff do participate in the forums, they can’t possibly read every single thread posted and may miss this one.