Based on physical connectors (1xHDMI + 2xDP + 2xUSB4/DP) of the framework desktop, it should be possible to connect 5 Monitors. Does the GPU support 5 screens?
In my case the screens I want to connect are not very high resolution (3x 1920x1080 and 2x 2560x1080). MST would also be an option.
According to the specs page the system supports a maximum of 4 displays. Possibly as a limitation of the GPU built into the device.
once the system ships i’m sure there will be someone that will try using all three dedicated outputs and the USB-c ports too, so we’ll see if that is a hardware/driver limit or not. 
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No. The AMD iGPUs have never supported more than 4 displays. Like most GPUs.
But your resolutions are also very low.
Modern iGPUs do like 4x 4k60 as a baseline and could very likely drive more than that for 4 displays simultaneously. So look into bigger / higher resolution displays instead.
MST will not get you around a limit in display pipelines. Which simply is 4. No matter that you could get 4 displays out of every DP port by itself. There are still only 4 sources for those data streams.
Or you need an additional GPU or DisplayLink if you absolutely do not care about the display output performance.
Edit: AMD specs https://www.amd.com/en/products/processors/laptop/ryzen-pro/ai-max-pro-300-series/amd-ryzen-ai-max-plus-pro-395.html (as coarse as they are compared to other manufacturers public specs)
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well, the pcie x4 slot could be used to install another gpu for a potential extra four displays.
Yeah, on my current workstation I have a trusty old AMD Radeon™ RX 580 2048SP GPU. The model I have has a total of 5 connectors (a mix of DVI, HDMI and DisplayPort), which works well for me with with 5 screens.
But I was hoping I could avoid a separate GPU with a Framework Desktop.
I suppose I could always add one USB (DisplayLink) screen to avoid that 
fair.
Older AMD cards supported 6 displays. Often more than ports and you could only get at that full limit by using MST. But the iGPUs never did. They were at 3 displays a few years back and upgraded to 4 displays, basically at the same time as Intel did (even though they had 5-6 ports).
Starting with the RX 7000 AMD also reduced the monitor count to the same 4, seemingly sharing more hardware and principles with the iGPUs. But this is also not very well specced. So hard to tell when exactly they remove that functionality or bring it back…
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Amd stopped putting 6 crtcs in their higher end cards with the 7000 series, igpus were always 4 or less and so was anything nvidia (non enterprise) or intel.
Was kind of bummed about that when I got my 7900xtx but it turns out plugging more than 1 monitor into that thing turns it into an absolute power-hog anyway so I plugged the rest of the displays into the igpu of my mainboard.
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Thanks for that additional information. Just knowing that the name of the relevant thing to look for is called “CRTCS” already helps a lot in understanding/learning.
This has a very nice explanation on the topic: multiple monitors - What is crtc and how many outputs can I enable using xrandr? - Super User
It’s an ancient term and finding actual current information on it is a pain in the behind.